Xiang-Hong Jing 

Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences，China

Abstract  

The structure and function of acupoints have been paid more attention, especially the specific effects treating certain kind of disease. Recent clinic studies only confirmed if the effect of the selected acupoints treating the disease was better than the sham or placebo control. But they did not show any specific effect between acupoints and the related disease or target organs. However the specific functions of acupoints is considered as the kernel of Chinese acupuncture theory. The speech focuses on the distribustion of the sensitized acupoints induced by the gastric mucosa injury and the local biochemistry changes of mast cells, nociceptive neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) and substance P (SP), and allergic substances such as histamine (HA) and serotonin (5-HT). The specific effect of acupoints was related to the target organ and the sensitized acupoint reflects the function of the target organ. The acupoints also has general effect besides the specific effect. The general effects are induced by the brain-skin axis which is distributed in the skin and demonstrated by the activation of local HPA, neuropeptide and cytokines. 

       穴位的结构和功能一直是针灸研究的热点。以往的临床研究证明了一组穴位的有效性或优效性，并没有证明穴位功能对相应靶器官调节的特异性。而穴位特异性一直被认为是针灸理论的核心，本研究旨在证明穴位的敏化和穴位的广谱效应。穴位的特异性是通过疾病导致的穴位敏化体现的，表现为相关的反应部位的组织细胞化学的改变，呈现出伤害性神经肽（SP，CGRP）的表达增加，肥大细胞的聚集脱颗粒释放致痛致敏（5-HT，HA）等物质，形成穴位敏化池。穴位还有广谱的调节效应，穴位的广谱效应是通过广泛分布的脑-皮轴来调节穴位局部和全身神经-内分泌-免疫网络，激活穴位局部的HPA轴，释放各种激素，同时激活神经纤维释放神经肽，以及细胞因子的改变来实现其广谱的调节效应的。